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Of course violence existed before civilization. But when people lived together in closely related groups, they were less likely to harm each other.
But you make a very good point- modern tribal societies can be very hierarchical. They can also be cooperative, like the San. My research suggests that extant societies tend more towards cooperation than to domination.

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Shoshana Kaufman
Shoshana Kaufman

Written by Shoshana Kaufman

Mother, grandmother, teacher, wife, food lover, spiritual searcher.

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